1  /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2  #ifndef _LINUX_STRING_H_
3  #define _LINUX_STRING_H_
4  
5  #include <linux/args.h>
6  #include <linux/array_size.h>
7  #include <linux/compiler.h>	/* for inline */
8  #include <linux/types.h>	/* for size_t */
9  #include <linux/stddef.h>	/* for NULL */
10  #include <linux/err.h>		/* for ERR_PTR() */
11  #include <linux/errno.h>	/* for E2BIG */
12  #include <linux/overflow.h>	/* for check_mul_overflow() */
13  #include <linux/stdarg.h>
14  #include <uapi/linux/string.h>
15  
16  extern char *strndup_user(const char __user *, long);
17  extern void *memdup_user(const void __user *, size_t) __realloc_size(2);
18  extern void *vmemdup_user(const void __user *, size_t) __realloc_size(2);
19  extern void *memdup_user_nul(const void __user *, size_t);
20  
21  /**
22   * memdup_array_user - duplicate array from user space
23   * @src: source address in user space
24   * @n: number of array members to copy
25   * @size: size of one array member
26   *
27   * Return: an ERR_PTR() on failure. Result is physically
28   * contiguous, to be freed by kfree().
29   */
30  static inline __realloc_size(2, 3)
memdup_array_user(const void __user * src,size_t n,size_t size)31  void *memdup_array_user(const void __user *src, size_t n, size_t size)
32  {
33  	size_t nbytes;
34  
35  	if (check_mul_overflow(n, size, &nbytes))
36  		return ERR_PTR(-EOVERFLOW);
37  
38  	return memdup_user(src, nbytes);
39  }
40  
41  /**
42   * vmemdup_array_user - duplicate array from user space
43   * @src: source address in user space
44   * @n: number of array members to copy
45   * @size: size of one array member
46   *
47   * Return: an ERR_PTR() on failure. Result may be not
48   * physically contiguous. Use kvfree() to free.
49   */
50  static inline __realloc_size(2, 3)
vmemdup_array_user(const void __user * src,size_t n,size_t size)51  void *vmemdup_array_user(const void __user *src, size_t n, size_t size)
52  {
53  	size_t nbytes;
54  
55  	if (check_mul_overflow(n, size, &nbytes))
56  		return ERR_PTR(-EOVERFLOW);
57  
58  	return vmemdup_user(src, nbytes);
59  }
60  
61  /*
62   * Include machine specific inline routines
63   */
64  #include <asm/string.h>
65  
66  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCPY
67  extern char * strcpy(char *,const char *);
68  #endif
69  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCPY
70  extern char * strncpy(char *,const char *, __kernel_size_t);
71  #endif
72  ssize_t sized_strscpy(char *, const char *, size_t);
73  
74  /*
75   * The 2 argument style can only be used when dst is an array with a
76   * known size.
77   */
78  #define __strscpy0(dst, src, ...)	\
79  	sized_strscpy(dst, src, sizeof(dst) + __must_be_array(dst) +	\
80  				__must_be_cstr(dst) + __must_be_cstr(src))
81  #define __strscpy1(dst, src, size)	\
82  	sized_strscpy(dst, src, size + __must_be_cstr(dst) + __must_be_cstr(src))
83  
84  #define __strscpy_pad0(dst, src, ...)	\
85  	sized_strscpy_pad(dst, src, sizeof(dst) + __must_be_array(dst) +	\
86  				    __must_be_cstr(dst) + __must_be_cstr(src))
87  #define __strscpy_pad1(dst, src, size)	\
88  	sized_strscpy_pad(dst, src, size + __must_be_cstr(dst) + __must_be_cstr(src))
89  
90  /**
91   * strscpy - Copy a C-string into a sized buffer
92   * @dst: Where to copy the string to
93   * @src: Where to copy the string from
94   * @...: Size of destination buffer (optional)
95   *
96   * Copy the source string @src, or as much of it as fits, into the
97   * destination @dst buffer. The behavior is undefined if the string
98   * buffers overlap. The destination @dst buffer is always NUL terminated,
99   * unless it's zero-sized.
100   *
101   * The size argument @... is only required when @dst is not an array, or
102   * when the copy needs to be smaller than sizeof(@dst).
103   *
104   * Preferred to strncpy() since it always returns a valid string, and
105   * doesn't unnecessarily force the tail of the destination buffer to be
106   * zero padded. If padding is desired please use strscpy_pad().
107   *
108   * Returns the number of characters copied in @dst (not including the
109   * trailing %NUL) or -E2BIG if @size is 0 or the copy from @src was
110   * truncated.
111   */
112  #define strscpy(dst, src, ...)	\
113  	CONCATENATE(__strscpy, COUNT_ARGS(__VA_ARGS__))(dst, src, __VA_ARGS__)
114  
115  #define sized_strscpy_pad(dest, src, count)	({			\
116  	char *__dst = (dest);						\
117  	const char *__src = (src);					\
118  	const size_t __count = (count);					\
119  	ssize_t __wrote;						\
120  									\
121  	__wrote = sized_strscpy(__dst, __src, __count);			\
122  	if (__wrote >= 0 && __wrote < __count)				\
123  		memset(__dst + __wrote + 1, 0, __count - __wrote - 1);	\
124  	__wrote;							\
125  })
126  
127  /**
128   * strscpy_pad() - Copy a C-string into a sized buffer
129   * @dst: Where to copy the string to
130   * @src: Where to copy the string from
131   * @...: Size of destination buffer
132   *
133   * Copy the string, or as much of it as fits, into the dest buffer. The
134   * behavior is undefined if the string buffers overlap. The destination
135   * buffer is always %NUL terminated, unless it's zero-sized.
136   *
137   * If the source string is shorter than the destination buffer, the
138   * remaining bytes in the buffer will be filled with %NUL bytes.
139   *
140   * For full explanation of why you may want to consider using the
141   * 'strscpy' functions please see the function docstring for strscpy().
142   *
143   * Returns:
144   * * The number of characters copied (not including the trailing %NULs)
145   * * -E2BIG if count is 0 or @src was truncated.
146   */
147  #define strscpy_pad(dst, src, ...)	\
148  	CONCATENATE(__strscpy_pad, COUNT_ARGS(__VA_ARGS__))(dst, src, __VA_ARGS__)
149  
150  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCAT
151  extern char * strcat(char *, const char *);
152  #endif
153  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCAT
154  extern char * strncat(char *, const char *, __kernel_size_t);
155  #endif
156  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLCAT
157  extern size_t strlcat(char *, const char *, __kernel_size_t);
158  #endif
159  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCMP
160  extern int strcmp(const char *,const char *);
161  #endif
162  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCMP
163  extern int strncmp(const char *,const char *,__kernel_size_t);
164  #endif
165  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCASECMP
166  extern int strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
167  #endif
168  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCASECMP
169  extern int strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
170  #endif
171  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCHR
172  extern char * strchr(const char *,int);
173  #endif
174  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCHRNUL
175  extern char * strchrnul(const char *,int);
176  #endif
177  extern char * strnchrnul(const char *, size_t, int);
178  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNCHR
179  extern char * strnchr(const char *, size_t, int);
180  #endif
181  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRRCHR
182  extern char * strrchr(const char *,int);
183  #endif
184  extern char * __must_check skip_spaces(const char *);
185  
186  extern char *strim(char *);
187  
strstrip(char * str)188  static inline __must_check char *strstrip(char *str)
189  {
190  	return strim(str);
191  }
192  
193  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSTR
194  extern char * strstr(const char *, const char *);
195  #endif
196  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNSTR
197  extern char * strnstr(const char *, const char *, size_t);
198  #endif
199  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRLEN
200  extern __kernel_size_t strlen(const char *);
201  #endif
202  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRNLEN
203  extern __kernel_size_t strnlen(const char *,__kernel_size_t);
204  #endif
205  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRPBRK
206  extern char * strpbrk(const char *,const char *);
207  #endif
208  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSEP
209  extern char * strsep(char **,const char *);
210  #endif
211  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRSPN
212  extern __kernel_size_t strspn(const char *,const char *);
213  #endif
214  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_STRCSPN
215  extern __kernel_size_t strcspn(const char *,const char *);
216  #endif
217  
218  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET
219  extern void * memset(void *,int,__kernel_size_t);
220  #endif
221  
222  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET16
223  extern void *memset16(uint16_t *, uint16_t, __kernel_size_t);
224  #endif
225  
226  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET32
227  extern void *memset32(uint32_t *, uint32_t, __kernel_size_t);
228  #endif
229  
230  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET64
231  extern void *memset64(uint64_t *, uint64_t, __kernel_size_t);
232  #endif
233  
memset_l(unsigned long * p,unsigned long v,__kernel_size_t n)234  static inline void *memset_l(unsigned long *p, unsigned long v,
235  		__kernel_size_t n)
236  {
237  	if (BITS_PER_LONG == 32)
238  		return memset32((uint32_t *)p, v, n);
239  	else
240  		return memset64((uint64_t *)p, v, n);
241  }
242  
memset_p(void ** p,void * v,__kernel_size_t n)243  static inline void *memset_p(void **p, void *v, __kernel_size_t n)
244  {
245  	if (BITS_PER_LONG == 32)
246  		return memset32((uint32_t *)p, (uintptr_t)v, n);
247  	else
248  		return memset64((uint64_t *)p, (uintptr_t)v, n);
249  }
250  
251  extern void **__memcat_p(void **a, void **b);
252  #define memcat_p(a, b) ({					\
253  	BUILD_BUG_ON_MSG(!__same_type(*(a), *(b)),		\
254  			 "type mismatch in memcat_p()");	\
255  	(typeof(*a) *)__memcat_p((void **)(a), (void **)(b));	\
256  })
257  
258  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY
259  extern void * memcpy(void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
260  #endif
261  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMMOVE
262  extern void * memmove(void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
263  #endif
264  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSCAN
265  extern void * memscan(void *,int,__kernel_size_t);
266  #endif
267  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCMP
268  extern int memcmp(const void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
269  #endif
270  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_BCMP
271  extern int bcmp(const void *,const void *,__kernel_size_t);
272  #endif
273  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCHR
274  extern void * memchr(const void *,int,__kernel_size_t);
275  #endif
276  #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY_FLUSHCACHE
memcpy_flushcache(void * dst,const void * src,size_t cnt)277  static inline void memcpy_flushcache(void *dst, const void *src, size_t cnt)
278  {
279  	memcpy(dst, src, cnt);
280  }
281  #endif
282  
283  void *memchr_inv(const void *s, int c, size_t n);
284  char *strreplace(char *str, char old, char new);
285  
286  /**
287   * mem_is_zero - Check if an area of memory is all 0's.
288   * @s: The memory area
289   * @n: The size of the area
290   *
291   * Return: True if the area of memory is all 0's.
292   */
mem_is_zero(const void * s,size_t n)293  static inline bool mem_is_zero(const void *s, size_t n)
294  {
295  	return !memchr_inv(s, 0, n);
296  }
297  
298  extern void kfree_const(const void *x);
299  
300  extern char *kstrdup(const char *s, gfp_t gfp) __malloc;
301  extern const char *kstrdup_const(const char *s, gfp_t gfp);
302  extern char *kstrndup(const char *s, size_t len, gfp_t gfp);
303  extern void *kmemdup_noprof(const void *src, size_t len, gfp_t gfp) __realloc_size(2);
304  #define kmemdup(...)	alloc_hooks(kmemdup_noprof(__VA_ARGS__))
305  
306  extern void *kvmemdup(const void *src, size_t len, gfp_t gfp) __realloc_size(2);
307  extern char *kmemdup_nul(const char *s, size_t len, gfp_t gfp);
308  extern void *kmemdup_array(const void *src, size_t count, size_t element_size, gfp_t gfp)
309  		__realloc_size(2, 3);
310  
311  /* lib/argv_split.c */
312  extern char **argv_split(gfp_t gfp, const char *str, int *argcp);
313  extern void argv_free(char **argv);
314  
315  /* lib/cmdline.c */
316  extern int get_option(char **str, int *pint);
317  extern char *get_options(const char *str, int nints, int *ints);
318  extern unsigned long long memparse(const char *ptr, char **retptr);
319  extern bool parse_option_str(const char *str, const char *option);
320  extern char *next_arg(char *args, char **param, char **val);
321  
322  extern bool sysfs_streq(const char *s1, const char *s2);
323  int match_string(const char * const *array, size_t n, const char *string);
324  int __sysfs_match_string(const char * const *array, size_t n, const char *s);
325  
326  /**
327   * sysfs_match_string - matches given string in an array
328   * @_a: array of strings
329   * @_s: string to match with
330   *
331   * Helper for __sysfs_match_string(). Calculates the size of @a automatically.
332   */
333  #define sysfs_match_string(_a, _s) __sysfs_match_string(_a, ARRAY_SIZE(_a), _s)
334  
335  #ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
336  int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args);
337  int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf);
338  int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...) __printf(3, 4);
339  #endif
340  
341  extern ssize_t memory_read_from_buffer(void *to, size_t count, loff_t *ppos,
342  				       const void *from, size_t available);
343  
344  int ptr_to_hashval(const void *ptr, unsigned long *hashval_out);
345  
346  /**
347   * strstarts - does @str start with @prefix?
348   * @str: string to examine
349   * @prefix: prefix to look for.
350   */
strstarts(const char * str,const char * prefix)351  static inline bool strstarts(const char *str, const char *prefix)
352  {
353  	return strncmp(str, prefix, strlen(prefix)) == 0;
354  }
355  
356  size_t memweight(const void *ptr, size_t bytes);
357  
358  /**
359   * memzero_explicit - Fill a region of memory (e.g. sensitive
360   *		      keying data) with 0s.
361   * @s: Pointer to the start of the area.
362   * @count: The size of the area.
363   *
364   * Note: usually using memset() is just fine (!), but in cases
365   * where clearing out _local_ data at the end of a scope is
366   * necessary, memzero_explicit() should be used instead in
367   * order to prevent the compiler from optimising away zeroing.
368   *
369   * memzero_explicit() doesn't need an arch-specific version as
370   * it just invokes the one of memset() implicitly.
371   */
memzero_explicit(void * s,size_t count)372  static inline void memzero_explicit(void *s, size_t count)
373  {
374  	memset(s, 0, count);
375  	barrier_data(s);
376  }
377  
378  /**
379   * kbasename - return the last part of a pathname.
380   *
381   * @path: path to extract the filename from.
382   */
kbasename(const char * path)383  static inline const char *kbasename(const char *path)
384  {
385  	const char *tail = strrchr(path, '/');
386  	return tail ? tail + 1 : path;
387  }
388  
389  #if !defined(__NO_FORTIFY) && defined(__OPTIMIZE__) && defined(CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE)
390  #include <linux/fortify-string.h>
391  #endif
392  #ifndef unsafe_memcpy
393  #define unsafe_memcpy(dst, src, bytes, justification)		\
394  	memcpy(dst, src, bytes)
395  #endif
396  
397  void memcpy_and_pad(void *dest, size_t dest_len, const void *src, size_t count,
398  		    int pad);
399  
400  /**
401   * strtomem_pad - Copy NUL-terminated string to non-NUL-terminated buffer
402   *
403   * @dest: Pointer of destination character array (marked as __nonstring)
404   * @src: Pointer to NUL-terminated string
405   * @pad: Padding character to fill any remaining bytes of @dest after copy
406   *
407   * This is a replacement for strncpy() uses where the destination is not
408   * a NUL-terminated string, but with bounds checking on the source size, and
409   * an explicit padding character. If padding is not required, use strtomem().
410   *
411   * Note that the size of @dest is not an argument, as the length of @dest
412   * must be discoverable by the compiler.
413   */
414  #define strtomem_pad(dest, src, pad)	do {				\
415  	const size_t _dest_len = __builtin_object_size(dest, 1);	\
416  	const size_t _src_len = __builtin_object_size(src, 1);		\
417  									\
418  	BUILD_BUG_ON(!__builtin_constant_p(_dest_len) ||		\
419  		     _dest_len == (size_t)-1);				\
420  	memcpy_and_pad(dest, _dest_len, src,				\
421  		       strnlen(src, min(_src_len, _dest_len)), pad);	\
422  } while (0)
423  
424  /**
425   * strtomem - Copy NUL-terminated string to non-NUL-terminated buffer
426   *
427   * @dest: Pointer of destination character array (marked as __nonstring)
428   * @src: Pointer to NUL-terminated string
429   *
430   * This is a replacement for strncpy() uses where the destination is not
431   * a NUL-terminated string, but with bounds checking on the source size, and
432   * without trailing padding. If padding is required, use strtomem_pad().
433   *
434   * Note that the size of @dest is not an argument, as the length of @dest
435   * must be discoverable by the compiler.
436   */
437  #define strtomem(dest, src)	do {					\
438  	const size_t _dest_len = __builtin_object_size(dest, 1);	\
439  	const size_t _src_len = __builtin_object_size(src, 1);		\
440  									\
441  	BUILD_BUG_ON(!__builtin_constant_p(_dest_len) ||		\
442  		     _dest_len == (size_t)-1);				\
443  	memcpy(dest, src, strnlen(src, min(_src_len, _dest_len)));	\
444  } while (0)
445  
446  /**
447   * memtostr - Copy a possibly non-NUL-term string to a NUL-term string
448   * @dest: Pointer to destination NUL-terminates string
449   * @src: Pointer to character array (likely marked as __nonstring)
450   *
451   * This is a replacement for strncpy() uses where the source is not
452   * a NUL-terminated string.
453   *
454   * Note that sizes of @dest and @src must be known at compile-time.
455   */
456  #define memtostr(dest, src)	do {					\
457  	const size_t _dest_len = __builtin_object_size(dest, 1);	\
458  	const size_t _src_len = __builtin_object_size(src, 1);		\
459  	const size_t _src_chars = strnlen(src, _src_len);		\
460  	const size_t _copy_len = min(_dest_len - 1, _src_chars);	\
461  									\
462  	BUILD_BUG_ON(!__builtin_constant_p(_dest_len) ||		\
463  		     !__builtin_constant_p(_src_len) ||			\
464  		     _dest_len == 0 || _dest_len == (size_t)-1 ||	\
465  		     _src_len == 0 || _src_len == (size_t)-1);		\
466  	memcpy(dest, src, _copy_len);					\
467  	dest[_copy_len] = '\0';						\
468  } while (0)
469  
470  /**
471   * memtostr_pad - Copy a possibly non-NUL-term string to a NUL-term string
472   *                with NUL padding in the destination
473   * @dest: Pointer to destination NUL-terminates string
474   * @src: Pointer to character array (likely marked as __nonstring)
475   *
476   * This is a replacement for strncpy() uses where the source is not
477   * a NUL-terminated string.
478   *
479   * Note that sizes of @dest and @src must be known at compile-time.
480   */
481  #define memtostr_pad(dest, src)		do {				\
482  	const size_t _dest_len = __builtin_object_size(dest, 1);	\
483  	const size_t _src_len = __builtin_object_size(src, 1);		\
484  	const size_t _src_chars = strnlen(src, _src_len);		\
485  	const size_t _copy_len = min(_dest_len - 1, _src_chars);	\
486  									\
487  	BUILD_BUG_ON(!__builtin_constant_p(_dest_len) ||		\
488  		     !__builtin_constant_p(_src_len) ||			\
489  		     _dest_len == 0 || _dest_len == (size_t)-1 ||	\
490  		     _src_len == 0 || _src_len == (size_t)-1);		\
491  	memcpy(dest, src, _copy_len);					\
492  	memset(&dest[_copy_len], 0, _dest_len - _copy_len);		\
493  } while (0)
494  
495  /**
496   * memset_after - Set a value after a struct member to the end of a struct
497   *
498   * @obj: Address of target struct instance
499   * @v: Byte value to repeatedly write
500   * @member: after which struct member to start writing bytes
501   *
502   * This is good for clearing padding following the given member.
503   */
504  #define memset_after(obj, v, member)					\
505  ({									\
506  	u8 *__ptr = (u8 *)(obj);					\
507  	typeof(v) __val = (v);						\
508  	memset(__ptr + offsetofend(typeof(*(obj)), member), __val,	\
509  	       sizeof(*(obj)) - offsetofend(typeof(*(obj)), member));	\
510  })
511  
512  /**
513   * memset_startat - Set a value starting at a member to the end of a struct
514   *
515   * @obj: Address of target struct instance
516   * @v: Byte value to repeatedly write
517   * @member: struct member to start writing at
518   *
519   * Note that if there is padding between the prior member and the target
520   * member, memset_after() should be used to clear the prior padding.
521   */
522  #define memset_startat(obj, v, member)					\
523  ({									\
524  	u8 *__ptr = (u8 *)(obj);					\
525  	typeof(v) __val = (v);						\
526  	memset(__ptr + offsetof(typeof(*(obj)), member), __val,		\
527  	       sizeof(*(obj)) - offsetof(typeof(*(obj)), member));	\
528  })
529  
530  /**
531   * str_has_prefix - Test if a string has a given prefix
532   * @str: The string to test
533   * @prefix: The string to see if @str starts with
534   *
535   * A common way to test a prefix of a string is to do:
536   *  strncmp(str, prefix, sizeof(prefix) - 1)
537   *
538   * But this can lead to bugs due to typos, or if prefix is a pointer
539   * and not a constant. Instead use str_has_prefix().
540   *
541   * Returns:
542   * * strlen(@prefix) if @str starts with @prefix
543   * * 0 if @str does not start with @prefix
544   */
str_has_prefix(const char * str,const char * prefix)545  static __always_inline size_t str_has_prefix(const char *str, const char *prefix)
546  {
547  	size_t len = strlen(prefix);
548  	return strncmp(str, prefix, len) == 0 ? len : 0;
549  }
550  
551  #endif /* _LINUX_STRING_H_ */
552