1  /* SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT */
2  /******************************************************************************
3   * grant_table.h
4   *
5   * Interface for granting foreign access to page frames, and receiving
6   * page-ownership transfers.
7   *
8   * Copyright (c) 2004, K A Fraser
9   */
10  
11  #ifndef __XEN_PUBLIC_GRANT_TABLE_H__
12  #define __XEN_PUBLIC_GRANT_TABLE_H__
13  
14  #include <xen/interface/xen.h>
15  
16  /***********************************
17   * GRANT TABLE REPRESENTATION
18   */
19  
20  /* Some rough guidelines on accessing and updating grant-table entries
21   * in a concurrency-safe manner. For more information, Linux contains a
22   * reference implementation for guest OSes (drivers/xen/grant_table.c, see
23   * http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git;a=blob;f=drivers/xen/grant-table.c;hb=HEAD
24   *
25   * NB. WMB is a no-op on current-generation x86 processors. However, a
26   *     compiler barrier will still be required.
27   *
28   * Introducing a valid entry into the grant table:
29   *  1. Write ent->domid.
30   *  2. Write ent->frame:
31   *      GTF_permit_access:   Frame to which access is permitted.
32   *      GTF_accept_transfer: Pseudo-phys frame slot being filled by new
33   *                           frame, or zero if none.
34   *  3. Write memory barrier (WMB).
35   *  4. Write ent->flags, inc. valid type.
36   *
37   * Invalidating an unused GTF_permit_access entry:
38   *  1. flags = ent->flags.
39   *  2. Observe that !(flags & (GTF_reading|GTF_writing)).
40   *  3. Check result of SMP-safe CMPXCHG(&ent->flags, flags, 0).
41   *  NB. No need for WMB as reuse of entry is control-dependent on success of
42   *      step 3, and all architectures guarantee ordering of ctrl-dep writes.
43   *
44   * Invalidating an in-use GTF_permit_access entry:
45   *  This cannot be done directly. Request assistance from the domain controller
46   *  which can set a timeout on the use of a grant entry and take necessary
47   *  action. (NB. This is not yet implemented!).
48   *
49   * Invalidating an unused GTF_accept_transfer entry:
50   *  1. flags = ent->flags.
51   *  2. Observe that !(flags & GTF_transfer_committed). [*]
52   *  3. Check result of SMP-safe CMPXCHG(&ent->flags, flags, 0).
53   *  NB. No need for WMB as reuse of entry is control-dependent on success of
54   *      step 3, and all architectures guarantee ordering of ctrl-dep writes.
55   *  [*] If GTF_transfer_committed is set then the grant entry is 'committed'.
56   *      The guest must /not/ modify the grant entry until the address of the
57   *      transferred frame is written. It is safe for the guest to spin waiting
58   *      for this to occur (detect by observing GTF_transfer_completed in
59   *      ent->flags).
60   *
61   * Invalidating a committed GTF_accept_transfer entry:
62   *  1. Wait for (ent->flags & GTF_transfer_completed).
63   *
64   * Changing a GTF_permit_access from writable to read-only:
65   *  Use SMP-safe CMPXCHG to set GTF_readonly, while checking !GTF_writing.
66   *
67   * Changing a GTF_permit_access from read-only to writable:
68   *  Use SMP-safe bit-setting instruction.
69   */
70  
71  /*
72   * Reference to a grant entry in a specified domain's grant table.
73   */
74  typedef uint32_t grant_ref_t;
75  
76  /*
77   * A grant table comprises a packed array of grant entries in one or more
78   * page frames shared between Xen and a guest.
79   * [XEN]: This field is written by Xen and read by the sharing guest.
80   * [GST]: This field is written by the guest and read by Xen.
81   */
82  
83  /*
84   * Version 1 of the grant table entry structure is maintained largely for
85   * backwards compatibility.  New guests are recommended to support using
86   * version 2 to overcome version 1 limitations, but to default to version 1.
87   */
88  struct grant_entry_v1 {
89      /* GTF_xxx: various type and flag information.  [XEN,GST] */
90      uint16_t flags;
91      /* The domain being granted foreign privileges. [GST] */
92      domid_t  domid;
93      /*
94       * GTF_permit_access: GFN that @domid is allowed to map and access. [GST]
95       * GTF_accept_transfer: GFN that @domid is allowed to transfer into. [GST]
96       * GTF_transfer_completed: MFN whose ownership transferred by @domid
97       *                         (non-translated guests only). [XEN]
98       */
99      uint32_t frame;
100  };
101  
102  /* The first few grant table entries will be preserved across grant table
103   * version changes and may be pre-populated at domain creation by tools.
104   */
105  #define GNTTAB_NR_RESERVED_ENTRIES     8
106  #define GNTTAB_RESERVED_CONSOLE        0
107  #define GNTTAB_RESERVED_XENSTORE       1
108  
109  /*
110   * Type of grant entry.
111   *  GTF_invalid: This grant entry grants no privileges.
112   *  GTF_permit_access: Allow @domid to map/access @frame.
113   *  GTF_accept_transfer: Allow @domid to transfer ownership of one page frame
114   *                       to this guest. Xen writes the page number to @frame.
115   *  GTF_transitive: Allow @domid to transitively access a subrange of
116   *                  @trans_grant in @trans_domid.  No mappings are allowed.
117   */
118  #define GTF_invalid         (0U<<0)
119  #define GTF_permit_access   (1U<<0)
120  #define GTF_accept_transfer (2U<<0)
121  #define GTF_transitive      (3U<<0)
122  #define GTF_type_mask       (3U<<0)
123  
124  /*
125   * Subflags for GTF_permit_access and GTF_transitive.
126   *  GTF_readonly: Restrict @domid to read-only mappings and accesses. [GST]
127   *  GTF_reading: Grant entry is currently mapped for reading by @domid. [XEN]
128   *  GTF_writing: Grant entry is currently mapped for writing by @domid. [XEN]
129   * Further subflags for GTF_permit_access only.
130   *  GTF_PAT, GTF_PWT, GTF_PCD: (x86) cache attribute flags to be used for
131   *                             mappings of the grant [GST]
132   *  GTF_sub_page: Grant access to only a subrange of the page.  @domid
133   *                will only be allowed to copy from the grant, and not
134   *                map it. [GST]
135   */
136  #define _GTF_readonly       (2)
137  #define GTF_readonly        (1U<<_GTF_readonly)
138  #define _GTF_reading        (3)
139  #define GTF_reading         (1U<<_GTF_reading)
140  #define _GTF_writing        (4)
141  #define GTF_writing         (1U<<_GTF_writing)
142  #define _GTF_PWT            (5)
143  #define GTF_PWT             (1U<<_GTF_PWT)
144  #define _GTF_PCD            (6)
145  #define GTF_PCD             (1U<<_GTF_PCD)
146  #define _GTF_PAT            (7)
147  #define GTF_PAT             (1U<<_GTF_PAT)
148  #define _GTF_sub_page       (8)
149  #define GTF_sub_page        (1U<<_GTF_sub_page)
150  
151  /*
152   * Subflags for GTF_accept_transfer:
153   *  GTF_transfer_committed: Xen sets this flag to indicate that it is committed
154   *      to transferring ownership of a page frame. When a guest sees this flag
155   *      it must /not/ modify the grant entry until GTF_transfer_completed is
156   *      set by Xen.
157   *  GTF_transfer_completed: It is safe for the guest to spin-wait on this flag
158   *      after reading GTF_transfer_committed. Xen will always write the frame
159   *      address, followed by ORing this flag, in a timely manner.
160   */
161  #define _GTF_transfer_committed (2)
162  #define GTF_transfer_committed  (1U<<_GTF_transfer_committed)
163  #define _GTF_transfer_completed (3)
164  #define GTF_transfer_completed  (1U<<_GTF_transfer_completed)
165  
166  /*
167   * Version 2 grant table entries.  These fulfil the same role as
168   * version 1 entries, but can represent more complicated operations.
169   * Any given domain will have either a version 1 or a version 2 table,
170   * and every entry in the table will be the same version.
171   *
172   * The interface by which domains use grant references does not depend
173   * on the grant table version in use by the other domain.
174   */
175  
176  /*
177   * Version 1 and version 2 grant entries share a common prefix.  The
178   * fields of the prefix are documented as part of struct
179   * grant_entry_v1.
180   */
181  struct grant_entry_header {
182      uint16_t flags;
183      domid_t  domid;
184  };
185  
186  /*
187   * Version 2 of the grant entry structure.
188   */
189  union grant_entry_v2 {
190      struct grant_entry_header hdr;
191  
192      /*
193       * This member is used for V1-style full page grants, where either:
194       *
195       * -- hdr.type is GTF_accept_transfer, or
196       * -- hdr.type is GTF_permit_access and GTF_sub_page is not set.
197       *
198       * In that case, the frame field has the same semantics as the
199       * field of the same name in the V1 entry structure.
200       */
201      struct {
202          struct grant_entry_header hdr;
203          uint32_t pad0;
204          uint64_t frame;
205      } full_page;
206  
207      /*
208       * If the grant type is GTF_grant_access and GTF_sub_page is set,
209       * @domid is allowed to access bytes [@page_off,@page_off+@length)
210       * in frame @frame.
211       */
212      struct {
213          struct grant_entry_header hdr;
214          uint16_t page_off;
215          uint16_t length;
216          uint64_t frame;
217      } sub_page;
218  
219      /*
220       * If the grant is GTF_transitive, @domid is allowed to use the
221       * grant @gref in domain @trans_domid, as if it was the local
222       * domain.  Obviously, the transitive access must be compatible
223       * with the original grant.
224       *
225       * The current version of Xen does not allow transitive grants
226       * to be mapped.
227       */
228      struct {
229          struct grant_entry_header hdr;
230          domid_t trans_domid;
231          uint16_t pad0;
232          grant_ref_t gref;
233      } transitive;
234  
235      uint32_t __spacer[4]; /* Pad to a power of two */
236  };
237  
238  typedef uint16_t grant_status_t;
239  
240  /***********************************
241   * GRANT TABLE QUERIES AND USES
242   */
243  
244  #define GNTTABOP_map_grant_ref        0
245  #define GNTTABOP_unmap_grant_ref      1
246  #define GNTTABOP_setup_table          2
247  #define GNTTABOP_dump_table           3
248  #define GNTTABOP_transfer             4
249  #define GNTTABOP_copy                 5
250  #define GNTTABOP_query_size           6
251  #define GNTTABOP_unmap_and_replace    7
252  #define GNTTABOP_set_version          8
253  #define GNTTABOP_get_status_frames    9
254  #define GNTTABOP_get_version          10
255  #define GNTTABOP_swap_grant_ref	      11
256  #define GNTTABOP_cache_flush	      12
257  /* ` } */
258  
259  /*
260   * Handle to track a mapping created via a grant reference.
261   */
262  typedef uint32_t grant_handle_t;
263  
264  /*
265   * GNTTABOP_map_grant_ref: Map the grant entry (<dom>,<ref>) for access
266   * by devices and/or host CPUs. If successful, <handle> is a tracking number
267   * that must be presented later to destroy the mapping(s). On error, <status>
268   * is a negative status code.
269   * NOTES:
270   *  1. If GNTMAP_device_map is specified then <dev_bus_addr> is the address
271   *     via which I/O devices may access the granted frame.
272   *  2. If GNTMAP_host_map is specified then a mapping will be added at
273   *     either a host virtual address in the current address space, or at
274   *     a PTE at the specified machine address.  The type of mapping to
275   *     perform is selected through the GNTMAP_contains_pte flag, and the
276   *     address is specified in <host_addr>.
277   *  3. Mappings should only be destroyed via GNTTABOP_unmap_grant_ref. If a
278   *     host mapping is destroyed by other means then it is *NOT* guaranteed
279   *     to be accounted to the correct grant reference!
280   */
281  struct gnttab_map_grant_ref {
282      /* IN parameters. */
283      uint64_t host_addr;
284      uint32_t flags;               /* GNTMAP_* */
285      grant_ref_t ref;
286      domid_t  dom;
287      /* OUT parameters. */
288      int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
289      grant_handle_t handle;
290      uint64_t dev_bus_addr;
291  };
292  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_map_grant_ref);
293  
294  /*
295   * GNTTABOP_unmap_grant_ref: Destroy one or more grant-reference mappings
296   * tracked by <handle>. If <host_addr> or <dev_bus_addr> is zero, that
297   * field is ignored. If non-zero, they must refer to a device/host mapping
298   * that is tracked by <handle>
299   * NOTES:
300   *  1. The call may fail in an undefined manner if either mapping is not
301   *     tracked by <handle>.
302   *  3. After executing a batch of unmaps, it is guaranteed that no stale
303   *     mappings will remain in the device or host TLBs.
304   */
305  struct gnttab_unmap_grant_ref {
306      /* IN parameters. */
307      uint64_t host_addr;
308      uint64_t dev_bus_addr;
309      grant_handle_t handle;
310      /* OUT parameters. */
311      int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
312  };
313  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_unmap_grant_ref);
314  
315  /*
316   * GNTTABOP_setup_table: Set up a grant table for <dom> comprising at least
317   * <nr_frames> pages. The frame addresses are written to the <frame_list>.
318   * Only <nr_frames> addresses are written, even if the table is larger.
319   * NOTES:
320   *  1. <dom> may be specified as DOMID_SELF.
321   *  2. Only a sufficiently-privileged domain may specify <dom> != DOMID_SELF.
322   *  3. Xen may not support more than a single grant-table page per domain.
323   */
324  struct gnttab_setup_table {
325      /* IN parameters. */
326      domid_t  dom;
327      uint32_t nr_frames;
328      /* OUT parameters. */
329      int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
330      GUEST_HANDLE(xen_pfn_t) frame_list;
331  };
332  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_setup_table);
333  
334  /*
335   * GNTTABOP_dump_table: Dump the contents of the grant table to the
336   * xen console. Debugging use only.
337   */
338  struct gnttab_dump_table {
339      /* IN parameters. */
340      domid_t dom;
341      /* OUT parameters. */
342      int16_t status;               /* GNTST_* */
343  };
344  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_dump_table);
345  
346  /*
347   * GNTTABOP_transfer: Transfer <frame> to a foreign domain. The foreign domain
348   * has previously registered its interest in the transfer via <domid, ref>.
349   *
350   * Note that, even if the transfer fails, the specified page no longer belongs
351   * to the calling domain *unless* the error is GNTST_bad_page.
352   *
353   * Note further that only PV guests can use this operation.
354   */
355  struct gnttab_transfer {
356      /* IN parameters. */
357      xen_pfn_t     mfn;
358      domid_t       domid;
359      grant_ref_t   ref;
360      /* OUT parameters. */
361      int16_t       status;
362  };
363  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_transfer);
364  
365  /*
366   * GNTTABOP_copy: Hypervisor based copy
367   * source and destinations can be eithers MFNs or, for foreign domains,
368   * grant references. the foreign domain has to grant read/write access
369   * in its grant table.
370   *
371   * The flags specify what type source and destinations are (either MFN
372   * or grant reference).
373   *
374   * Note that this can also be used to copy data between two domains
375   * via a third party if the source and destination domains had previously
376   * grant appropriate access to their pages to the third party.
377   *
378   * source_offset specifies an offset in the source frame, dest_offset
379   * the offset in the target frame and  len specifies the number of
380   * bytes to be copied.
381   */
382  
383  #define _GNTCOPY_source_gref      (0)
384  #define GNTCOPY_source_gref       (1<<_GNTCOPY_source_gref)
385  #define _GNTCOPY_dest_gref        (1)
386  #define GNTCOPY_dest_gref         (1<<_GNTCOPY_dest_gref)
387  
388  struct gnttab_copy {
389      /* IN parameters. */
390      struct gnttab_copy_ptr {
391          union {
392              grant_ref_t ref;
393              xen_pfn_t   gmfn;
394          } u;
395          domid_t  domid;
396          uint16_t offset;
397      } source, dest;
398      uint16_t      len;
399      uint16_t      flags;          /* GNTCOPY_* */
400      /* OUT parameters. */
401      int16_t       status;
402  };
403  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_copy);
404  
405  /*
406   * GNTTABOP_query_size: Query the current and maximum sizes of the shared
407   * grant table.
408   * NOTES:
409   *  1. <dom> may be specified as DOMID_SELF.
410   *  2. Only a sufficiently-privileged domain may specify <dom> != DOMID_SELF.
411   */
412  struct gnttab_query_size {
413      /* IN parameters. */
414      domid_t  dom;
415      /* OUT parameters. */
416      uint32_t nr_frames;
417      uint32_t max_nr_frames;
418      int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
419  };
420  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_query_size);
421  
422  /*
423   * GNTTABOP_unmap_and_replace: Destroy one or more grant-reference mappings
424   * tracked by <handle> but atomically replace the page table entry with one
425   * pointing to the machine address under <new_addr>.  <new_addr> will be
426   * redirected to the null entry.
427   * NOTES:
428   *  1. The call may fail in an undefined manner if either mapping is not
429   *     tracked by <handle>.
430   *  2. After executing a batch of unmaps, it is guaranteed that no stale
431   *     mappings will remain in the device or host TLBs.
432   */
433  struct gnttab_unmap_and_replace {
434      /* IN parameters. */
435      uint64_t host_addr;
436      uint64_t new_addr;
437      grant_handle_t handle;
438      /* OUT parameters. */
439      int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
440  };
441  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_unmap_and_replace);
442  
443  /*
444   * GNTTABOP_set_version: Request a particular version of the grant
445   * table shared table structure.  This operation may be used to toggle
446   * between different versions, but must be performed while no grants
447   * are active.  The only defined versions are 1 and 2.
448   */
449  struct gnttab_set_version {
450      /* IN/OUT parameters */
451      uint32_t version;
452  };
453  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_set_version);
454  
455  /*
456   * GNTTABOP_get_status_frames: Get the list of frames used to store grant
457   * status for <dom>. In grant format version 2, the status is separated
458   * from the other shared grant fields to allow more efficient synchronization
459   * using barriers instead of atomic cmpexch operations.
460   * <nr_frames> specify the size of vector <frame_list>.
461   * The frame addresses are returned in the <frame_list>.
462   * Only <nr_frames> addresses are returned, even if the table is larger.
463   * NOTES:
464   *  1. <dom> may be specified as DOMID_SELF.
465   *  2. Only a sufficiently-privileged domain may specify <dom> != DOMID_SELF.
466   */
467  struct gnttab_get_status_frames {
468      /* IN parameters. */
469      uint32_t nr_frames;
470      domid_t  dom;
471      /* OUT parameters. */
472      int16_t  status;              /* GNTST_* */
473      GUEST_HANDLE(uint64_t) frame_list;
474  };
475  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_get_status_frames);
476  
477  /*
478   * GNTTABOP_get_version: Get the grant table version which is in
479   * effect for domain <dom>.
480   */
481  struct gnttab_get_version {
482      /* IN parameters */
483      domid_t dom;
484      uint16_t pad;
485      /* OUT parameters */
486      uint32_t version;
487  };
488  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_get_version);
489  
490  /*
491   * GNTTABOP_swap_grant_ref: Swap the contents of two grant entries.
492   */
493  struct gnttab_swap_grant_ref {
494      /* IN parameters */
495      grant_ref_t ref_a;
496      grant_ref_t ref_b;
497      /* OUT parameters */
498      int16_t status;             /* GNTST_* */
499  };
500  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_swap_grant_ref);
501  
502  /*
503   * Issue one or more cache maintenance operations on a portion of a
504   * page granted to the calling domain by a foreign domain.
505   */
506  struct gnttab_cache_flush {
507      union {
508          uint64_t dev_bus_addr;
509          grant_ref_t ref;
510      } a;
511      uint16_t offset; /* offset from start of grant */
512      uint16_t length; /* size within the grant */
513  #define GNTTAB_CACHE_CLEAN          (1u<<0)
514  #define GNTTAB_CACHE_INVAL          (1u<<1)
515  #define GNTTAB_CACHE_SOURCE_GREF    (1u<<31)
516      uint32_t op;
517  };
518  DEFINE_GUEST_HANDLE_STRUCT(gnttab_cache_flush);
519  
520  /*
521   * Bitfield values for gnttab_map_grant_ref.flags.
522   */
523   /* Map the grant entry for access by I/O devices. */
524  #define _GNTMAP_device_map      (0)
525  #define GNTMAP_device_map       (1<<_GNTMAP_device_map)
526   /* Map the grant entry for access by host CPUs. */
527  #define _GNTMAP_host_map        (1)
528  #define GNTMAP_host_map         (1<<_GNTMAP_host_map)
529   /* Accesses to the granted frame will be restricted to read-only access. */
530  #define _GNTMAP_readonly        (2)
531  #define GNTMAP_readonly         (1<<_GNTMAP_readonly)
532   /*
533    * GNTMAP_host_map subflag:
534    *  0 => The host mapping is usable only by the guest OS.
535    *  1 => The host mapping is usable by guest OS + current application.
536    */
537  #define _GNTMAP_application_map (3)
538  #define GNTMAP_application_map  (1<<_GNTMAP_application_map)
539  
540   /*
541    * GNTMAP_contains_pte subflag:
542    *  0 => This map request contains a host virtual address.
543    *  1 => This map request contains the machine addess of the PTE to update.
544    */
545  #define _GNTMAP_contains_pte    (4)
546  #define GNTMAP_contains_pte     (1<<_GNTMAP_contains_pte)
547  
548  /*
549   * Bits to be placed in guest kernel available PTE bits (architecture
550   * dependent; only supported when XENFEAT_gnttab_map_avail_bits is set).
551   */
552  #define _GNTMAP_guest_avail0    (16)
553  #define GNTMAP_guest_avail_mask ((uint32_t)~0 << _GNTMAP_guest_avail0)
554  
555  /*
556   * Values for error status returns. All errors are -ve.
557   */
558  #define GNTST_okay             (0)  /* Normal return.                        */
559  #define GNTST_general_error    (-1) /* General undefined error.              */
560  #define GNTST_bad_domain       (-2) /* Unrecognsed domain id.                */
561  #define GNTST_bad_gntref       (-3) /* Unrecognised or inappropriate gntref. */
562  #define GNTST_bad_handle       (-4) /* Unrecognised or inappropriate handle. */
563  #define GNTST_bad_virt_addr    (-5) /* Inappropriate virtual address to map. */
564  #define GNTST_bad_dev_addr     (-6) /* Inappropriate device address to unmap.*/
565  #define GNTST_no_device_space  (-7) /* Out of space in I/O MMU.              */
566  #define GNTST_permission_denied (-8) /* Not enough privilege for operation.  */
567  #define GNTST_bad_page         (-9) /* Specified page was invalid for op.    */
568  #define GNTST_bad_copy_arg    (-10) /* copy arguments cross page boundary.   */
569  #define GNTST_address_too_big (-11) /* transfer page address too large.      */
570  #define GNTST_eagain          (-12) /* Operation not done; try again.        */
571  #define GNTST_no_space        (-13) /* Out of space (handles etc).           */
572  
573  #define GNTTABOP_error_msgs {                   \
574      "okay",                                     \
575      "undefined error",                          \
576      "unrecognised domain id",                   \
577      "invalid grant reference",                  \
578      "invalid mapping handle",                   \
579      "invalid virtual address",                  \
580      "invalid device address",                   \
581      "no spare translation slot in the I/O MMU", \
582      "permission denied",                        \
583      "bad page",                                 \
584      "copy arguments cross page boundary",       \
585      "page address size too large",              \
586      "operation not done; try again",            \
587      "out of space",                             \
588  }
589  
590  #endif /* __XEN_PUBLIC_GRANT_TABLE_H__ */
591